If you still have the login credentials, try connecting to the AP through the console and perform a factory reset from there. After the reset, it should be possible to rediscover/adopt it without knowing the previous IP. If you can’t access the conso...
Sounds like an AP250-specific compatibility or firmware issue rather than the PSK itself, especially since the same iPhone 17 works on the AP410C. I’d compare the AP250’s firmware, radio/security settings, and client logs against the working AP410C; ...